Improvement in looms



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- Patented Dec. A1 0,1872.

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JAMES LYALL, or new. Yonx, n. Y.

' IMPROVEMENT m Looms.`

To all 'whom t may concern.-

,Be it known that .`[,JAM.Es4 LYALL, of the cityl and-(State of NewYork,have invented and madean Improvement in Looms forWeaving;` andtheffo1lowin'gis declared to be a correct description of the'same;

T1115 invent'on iaanimrrorement upon that for which Letters' lkatent:were granted to me' .augustin 185s, and'auly 4, 187,1, Nos, 80,982and'116,669 5W' and the features of said improvenienty relate,irst, to ameans Yfor .accelerating and retardng theA movement of theshuttlepropeller, and 'communicating a long movement of the shuttle from.a comparatively short crank; second, to a race-way that supports theshuttle, and in which the shuttle-propeller is moved, and the lower shedof warps isnear 'the'top of this race-way so that the shuttlerollersmove over the same, and the shuttle itself is guided with greaterprecision thank in the aforesaid patent; third, to a shuttle that isvadapted to `takin g up any slack thread and then'` giving the same outagain without undue strainuponfthe edge of the fabric from the tensionof the weft-threads; fourth, to a take- 'up `mechanism that is adaptedto irregular fabrics, such as corsets, for keeping the edge of thefabric in a straight line whileweaving In 4the drawing, Figure 1 isanelevation,

partially in section. Fig. 2 is a plan. Fig. 3

' shuttle and its propeller. Fig. 5 is a section ofthe take-upmechanism. Fig. 6 is an elevation about half size of the vshuttle andits propeller, andFig. 7 is a plan of the bobbinholder andweft-regulator separately.

The frame of the loom is made with the ends a. a connected by the frontand back bars b c of suitable size, and the cords of the Jacquard (when.that is employed) pass through the frame or harness board at e', inanyusual manner.,` The main shaft d is revolved by competent power, andhas cranks e for the connecting-rods f that are jointed to the layswordsg, a nd these are pivoted at 2. The lay carries a reed,-h, and also therail k, somewhat similar to those in my'former patent. I, however,makethis rail adjustable, by means of screws 3 passing through arms 4that project above the lay, so as to regulate accurately the spaceprovided for the shuttle between said rail 7;: and the race-way l. Thisrace-way lis adapted to4 receive the shuttle-propeller m that ismade'with' rollers 6 and. 7, substantially thel sameas in my aforesaidpatent; but instead of the device `becoming a shuttle-carrier it issimply a shuttle-propeller, because the shuttle runs upon they ledges. 8atthe, top of the race` way, the lower rollers 9 ofthe shuttle m beingmade longer so as to rest'upon such ledges,` and the rollers 6j of thepropeller project up between these ledges suflicientlyto act upon therollers 9 in propelling the samev in a manner4 similar to that inaforesaidpatent. By this construction the shuttle is held and steadiedin place, the rollers 9 taking abroad bearing, and there is not any riskof injury to the warps. The upper rollers of the 4shuttle are similar tothose in aforesaid patents, and the receiver that carries the, bobbin orcop is removable from the shuttle, as in the patent No. 116,609. At 'theends of the race-,way in the lay are the gates 10, that are made to bedrawn up vertically in slides 11 in the lay so as to allow the lshuttleto be removed from the Widest side of the race-way. The faces of thesegates are'in line with the surface of the reeds so as to support theback of the shuttle. The bands or belts a that are employedto actuatethefshuttle-propeller pass at the ends of the lay over the rollers 12,and are wound in opposite directions upon the double drum o, and theirends attached thereto. The axis of this roller o is in a fork at the endof the swinging lever p that has its fulcrum 13 upon the crossbar a ofthe lay, and between the swords g of the lay is the segmental rack-barq, the teeth of which take the teeth of a pinion on the axis of thisroller o. The lever p is vibrated by a crankpin, 15, on the swinginglink or cranko that is pivoted to the bar 16, and receives motion fromthe connecting-rod of, and the crank 17 of the auxiliary shaft' r',which shaft receives its motion from the countershaft S that is rotatedat half the speed of the main shaft d by the gearing s'.

It will now be evident that the lever p is vibrated with rapidity, butstopped gradually at each end of the movement, because the crank 17gives an accelerated movement at the middle of the` stroke-from theconnectingrod, and gradually stops the motion; and this would be thecase if the connecting-rod were attached directly to the lever p, which,iu some instances, might be done; but the acceleration is still furtherincreased in the central portions of the stroke and lessened toward theends in consequence of the -crankpin 15 of the link o' moving in theslot 33, and being nearest to the fulcrum 13 in the middle portion ofthe movement and further from the fulcrum at thev commencement andending of cach reciprocation, and swinging almost in the line of theslot when the lever is in its diagonal positions at the ends of themovement. By changing the position of the pivot 25 of the link o themot-ion given to the shuttle can be varied without any other change,because the movement will be greater by bringing the pin 15 further downin the slot toward the fulcrum 13 of the lever p, and the reverse. Thesize of the band-wheel o, or of the pinion also, allows for varying themovement of the shuttle.- The segmental rack-bar q revolves the rollero, and the upper part of said roller is. turning in the same directionin which the roller o is carried bodily; thereby the band or belt thatis wound upon the roller o moves the shuttle-propeller the extent due tothe winding up in addition to that resulting from the change in theposition of the roller; thereby a large extent of motion is given to theshuttle in proportion to the change of position of the roller o.-

Shuttles have been made with spring-arms carrying eyes for the thread topass through. I have improved the shuttle by applying an Indiarubbercord, 18, passing around pulleys or grooved rollers 19, 'and attached tothe arms t, so that a long spring can be introduced in a small space,thereby insuring greater uniformity of tension on the weftthread,lessening cost of manufacture, and introducing the parts into a smallcompass. The rubber spring may. extend from one arm to the other, asshown; or two pieces may be used, passing around the respective pulleys,and the ends attached to eyes on the shuttle.

In weaving corsets or fabrics with gores or irregular surfaces: it isnecessary that the material woven should be taken upas woven in order topresent a straight edge for the next weft-thread. In hand-looms this hasbeen accomplished by drawing the goodsby weights and hooks, and a rangeof holdingpins and sectional rollers operated by the Jacquard, andbrushes have also been employed. In all cases it is important that thepoint of tension from the take-up device should be as near to the reedsAat the extreme movement as possible; andwhere rollers or brushes ofa-large size are used the grasping points, being immediately below thecenters of the rollers1 cannot be close to the point of beatingup.

This part of my invention consists in a belt lor series of'r beltspassing over an actuatmg- Y roller and a small roller, said belt actingagainst the surface of a curved plate, and therebyobtaining asufciently-firm hold upon the fabric to draw the'material along whenpressed toward the belt by the lay in beating up the weft-thread, andwhen the fabric does not require to be taken up the belt slips on thesame; thereby the point at which the fabric is grasped will be veryclose to the point of weaving, and the rails of the lay in my loom canpass above and belowthe take-up apparatus. a

The roller u is rotated progressively each blow of the lay by theratchet and pawl 22l that is moved by the cam fv, lever t', link 23, andarm 24, and this roller is supprted in bearings w at the ends, and maybe continuous across the entire width of the fabric, or madeto receivethe pressure-levers 36 at suitable distances apart. The belt orbeltspass over this roller u, and also around the small distending-roller orstretcher 35 that is contiguous to the plate y, and the fabric is drawnby the belts as much as the lay presses the same up `in beating in thefilling. The surface of the plate y being curved upwardly causes-thebelt to take a firm bearing thereon, and according to the position ofthe stretcher or roller 35, as adjusted by the levers 36 and screws 37,so the belt will be drawn more or. less tightly over this convex platey. The range of teeth at 38 serve to hold the fabric as the lay recedes.These teeth should be inclined toward the rollers 35, and they are madeupon the edge of a plate of steel, y', attached to the edge of y, sothat they can be positioned much nearer to the point of weaving than theneedles heretofore used, because they occupy less room. A second rangeof endless belts might take the place of the plate y, the fabric beingdrawn in between the belts.

I claim as my invention-- 1-. The rollero rotated by the stationaryraok'bar segment q and moved by the lever p, in combination with the belt u,shuttle, andr its propeller or driver, arranged and operatedsubstantially as set forth.

2. The crank-pin 15, link o', connecting-rod r, and crank 17, incombination with the lever p, roller o, and connections with theshuttledriver or propeller m, substantially as set forth.

3. The rollers 9 of the shuttle m bearing upon the ledges 8 of therace-way, in combination with the shuttle driver or carrier and itsrollers 6 that project up between the ledges 8 and act upon the rollers9, as and for the purposes set forth. l

4. The arms t in a loom-shuttle with eyes for the weft-thread, incombination with an elastic cord passing around a roller or rollers,substantially as set forth.

5. A belt or series of belts extending from an actuating-roller to asecond roller or stretcher, in combination with a surface 'against al ofthe shuttle, substantially as set forth.

9. TheY metallic platey' having teeth upon its edge, incombination-withthe plate y and take-up mechanism, substantially as andfor the purposes set forth.

10. The lay made with the inclined top rail, in combination with thearms 4. that rise above the lay and the adjusting-screws 3, as and forthe purposes set forth. r y

Signed by me this 10th day of April, A. D.

JAMES LYALL.

Witnesses: Y Y

GEO. T. PINGKNEY, GHAs. H. SMITH.

